Mycoplasma gallisepticum is the etiogenic agent (Carpodacus mexicanus) associated with Mycoplas­ A If such research is successful, potential influenza outbreaks, including avian flu, may be reduced or prevented in the future. Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) should be taken within two days of influenza symptoms. Spanish pdf icon[531 KB, 2 pages] I think Aristotle may have conjuctivitis in his left eye. Risk factors for people to contract bird flu include association with birds and poultry farms and bird feces. Bird flu is caused by strains of the influenza virus that have evolved to be specially adapted to enter avian cells. AU - Paul-Murphy, Joanne R. AU - Murphy, Christopher J. PY - 2002. Avian ophthalmology. The Avian Specialist will be more knowledgeable on this topic than myself; however Aspergillosis may take a long time to be treated covering weeks or months depending on the severity. The poultry industry needs to follow Food and Drug Administration (FDA) guidelines to protect their industry and workers from bird flu. http://www.who.int/csr/disease/avian_influenza/en/, http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/avian_influenza/en/. Harman, EM, MD. conjunctivitis, treatment, house finch, Carpodacus mexi­ canus . Some causes may not require medical treatment, for example, motion sickness, and other causes may require medical treatment by a doctor, for example, heart attack, lung infections, bronchitis, and pneumonia. 1998; 2(1): 29–34. However, four people in China (two in Shanghai, one in Nanjing, and one in Anhui province) have been identified as being infected with H7N9; two died. 3).Initially, cases of avian influenza (H7N7) in humans occurred in association with poultry outbreaks, manifesting as self-limiting conjunctivitis … deadliest pandemic in modern history was the 1918 influenza, also known as the Spanish flu (although it did not originate in Spain). To replenish fluids, drink sports drinks like Gatorade and Pedialyte to replenish electrolytes. Travelers should prepare for their trip by visiting their physician to get the proper vaccinations and obtain the necessary medication if they have a medical condition or chronic disease. Terms of Use. The World Health Organization (http://www.who.int/csr/disease/avian_influenza/en/) and (http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/avian_influenza/en/) provides current information about outbreaks and management of bird flu. Official website of the Johns Hopkins Antibiotic (ABX), HIV, Diabetes, and Psychiatry Guides, powered by Unbound Medicine. Epidemiology and pathogenicity of avian influenza infections in humans. ... Avian influenza (AI), commonly called bird flu, is an infectious viral disease of birds. The prognosis in human cases of bird flu remains poor. There are three main types of influenza: A, B, and C. The virus that causes bird flu is influenza A type with eight RNA strands that make up its genome. Prevention also includes poultry-safety measures such as destroying flocks when sick birds are identified and vaccinating healthy flocks. Reynolds, HN. Published online 1998 Mar 12. doi: 10.1186/cc121. Health officials worldwide are concerned because of the possibility of a bird flu type that could develop easy transmission from birds to humans. The contaminated vaccine did not result in any human infections. This bacterium causes granulomatous disease in various internal organs, but in cockatiels (Nymphicus hollandicus) it has been commonly identified within the conjunctival tissues.Twenty-six cases of mycobacterial conjunctivitis … Flu symptoms include fever, cough, sore throat, runny nose, headache, fatigue, and muscle aches. Check out its main symptoms for diagnosis and treatment from an expert. The CDC suggests the best way to prevent bird flu is to avoid exposure whenever possible to birds and their feces. Properly handling and cooking of poultry and eggs can kill viruses like the bird flu virus. Signs and symptoms of are shortness of breath and Thus, caring for a person infected with bird flu is also a risk factor for the disease. Causes of diarrhea include viral, bacterial, or parasite infection, gastroenteritis, food poisoning, and drugs. In 2007-2008, there were small outbreaks in Bangladesh and Pakistan due to infected domestic chicken flocks. In the late 1990s, a new strain of bird flu arose that was remarkable for its ability to cause severe disease and death, especially in domesticated birds such as ducks, chickens, or turkeys. Specialized PCR testing is available in reference laboratories to identify avian strains; the CDC is a primary source for available tests for the newest strains of bird flu and can identify the specific type of virus (for example, H5N1 or H7N9). If the symptoms do not resolve, treatment with a topical and/or oral antiviral is indicated. Treatment for includes There is a theoretical risk in laboratory workers who handle the avian flu virus. If a person has close contact with an infected patient, the exposed person may be offered oseltamivir in an attempt to prevent infection. bronchitis,  Terms of Use. Contact with unwashed eggs from sick birds or water contaminated by poultry feces poses a potential risk of disease. Side effects, drug interactions, warnings and precautions, and patient information should be reviewed prior to taking any medication. Wild turkeys transferred from one state to another in restocking efforts are screened for MG to avoid spreading avian mycoplasmosis. In addition to humans and birds, we know pigs, tigers, leopards, ferrets, and domestic cats and dogs can sometimes be infected with avian influenza viruses. The vaccine has been purchased by the federal government for inclusion within the CDC's Strategic National Stockpile. CDC is not responsible for Section 508 compliance (accessibility) on other federal or private website. Risk factors include caring for sick birds, killing sick birds, and preparing sick birds for consumption. Viral conjunctivitis is usually self-limiting and often does not require treatment. As of March However, bird flu can be prevented by avoiding contact with sick poultry originating in countries known to be affected by the virus. To prevent colds and the flu drink at least eight 8 ounce glasses of water a day. Avian (bird) flu is an illness also caused by an influenza- A virus. A new strain of bird flu was identified in China in 2013. The majority of these infections were due to exposure to infected birds or their droppings. This resulted in a number of countries banning U.S. poultry products and had a significant effect on U.S. poultry exports at the time. home/infectious disease health center/infectious disease a-z list/avian influenza bird flu center /avian influenza (bird flu) article. et al. If you have diabetes and are sick with a cold or flu, you need to check your blood sugar levels more frequently. Updated: Aug 11, 2016. For example, the recent pathogenic bird flu virus has type 5 hemagglutinin and type 1 neuraminidase. Influenza viruses mutate easily and often. ARDS can be life-threatening. In human outbreaks, the first individual to become infected usually has had contact with infected birds or poultry and then caregivers become infected. Corona is a Fairly New Viral Disease in Horses. It has been shown to stimulate the immune system to make antibodies against the bird flu virus that could presumably protect a person from the bird flu. There is no discharge, his poops are normal, and he isn't fluffed up. In January 2016, an outbreak of H7N8 was reported in turkeys in Indiana; eventually, nine to 10 farms became infected, and thousands of turkeys were killed and the outbreak halted. Blood tests can detect these antibodies, but this requires one sample at the onset of disease and another sample several weeks later. avian eye are similar to those used in mam-mals. The identification of H7N9 bird flu strain is worrisome. If cytology suggests infectious conjunctivitis, obtain a culture sample and begin topical broad-spectrum antibiotics 2-4 times daily. Hands should be washed before and after handling poultry and eggs, and surfaces that have come in contact with the food should be cleaned thoroughly with hot soapy water. bacterial infections, viral infections, toxins, irritants, {{configCtrl2.info.metaDescription}} This site uses cookies. Avian influenza can be spread by contaminated shoes, clothing, crates, and other equipment. Human cases of highly pathogenic bird flu have been largely confined to Southeast Asia (India, Bangladesh) and Africa. According to some studies, survival Wildlife rehabilitators should avoid taking in birds suspected of having mycoplasmal conjunctivitis because the disease is very difficult to treat and could infect other patients. Conjunctivitis is the irritation and inflammation of the conjunctiva (the membrane of the inner eyelid and the inner corner of the eye's surface). Bird flu (avian influenza) is a disease caused by strains of influenza virus that primarily affects birds. Recognizing the symptoms and starting on the pigeon eye disease treatment … People with close or prolonged unprotected contact with infected birds or contaminated environments are likely to be at greater risk of infection. Treatment Conjunctivitis is frequently bilateral. pneumonia,  medications, and  It is most frequently caused by feline herpesvirus-1 (FHV-1) or Chlamydophila felis, primary feline pathogens capable of infecting the healthy ocular surface.Non-infectious feline conjunctival disorders include eosinophilic conjunctivitis, keratoconjunctivitis sicca and lipogranulomatous conjunctivitis. Conjunctivitis is very common in pet guinea pigs and is generally caused by infection or hypovitaminosis C (scurvy). rates for ARDS depend upon the cause associated with it, but can vary from 48% Individuals who survive may have long-term problems if organ systems are severely damaged. Chronic cough treatment is based on the cause, but may be soothed natural and Is it possible to prevent bird flu with a vaccine? These mutations can arise spontaneously in a single virus or can occur when two different influenza strains get close enough together to exchange genetic material. Clinical Signs Clinical signs of avian chlamydiosis … PCR (polymerase chain reaction) is a method to analyze a short sequence DNA or RNA. supplemental oxygen, and/or medication. to 68%.REFERENCES: Common symptoms of a sore throat include a fever, cough, runny nose, hoarseness, earaches, sneezing, and body aches. Some causes of nausea and vomiting may be life-threatening, for example, heart attack, abdominal obstruction, and cancers. Feline conjunctivitis is a common and often frustrating clinical problem. Treatment with oral albendazole and topical ophthalmic fumagillin was curative. Conjunctivitis was the most frequent symptom in human cases of H7N7 HPAI virus infection in the Netherlands during 2003, with 89 … asthma, There are many types of influenza viruses, and most prefer to live in a limited number of animals. However, this is the first record of H5N8 in humans and thus should be monitored carefully. Avian Influenza Transmission Infographic pdf icon[555 KB, 2 pages] Since the initial observations of … Causes of ARDS include: There have been genetic factors linked to ARDS. "ARDS." Avian tuberculosis (avian TB), ... due to the disease’s zoonotic potential and poor treatment success, ... the transmission of the disease in wild bird populations. Chemosis, pain, and punctate corneal lesions that are visible with fluorescein staining may be present. Herpes Viral Conjunctivitis: A Feline Problem. Best treatment for Conjunctivitis. Continue taking your regular medications. The 31, 2013; the strain is antigenically different from the H5N1 bird flu virus. It can occur unilaterally (in one eye) or bilaterally (in both eyes). Bird flu is very contagious among many bird species. Absorbents and anti-motility medications are used to treat diarrhea. Antibiotics treat pneumonia, and the choice of the antibiotic depends upon the cause of the infection. See additional information. Home Testing of Blood Glucose for Diabetic Cats. Home remedies and over-the-counter (OTC) drugs used for the treatment of the signs and symptoms of colds and the flu may affect blood sugar levels in people with diabetes. There are two major types of mutations in influenza viruses: antigenic shifts, where large RNA segments are interchanged between different influenza virus type, and antigenic drifts, where small RNA sequences are changed. Common Eye Problems In Rabbits And Treatment For Them. CDC considers the risk to the general public from North American avian influenza viruses to be low; however, because other avian influenza viruses have infected people, it is possible that human infections with these viruses could occur. People are advised not to touch any ill-appearing or dead birds. Hip Dislocation in Dogs and Cats. A new mycoplasmal conjunctivitis was first reported in wild house finches (Carpodacus mexicanus) in early 1994.The causative agent was identified as Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG), a nonzoonotic pathogen of poultry that had not been associated with disease in wild songbirds. The 2013 virus has different surface proteins, H7 and N9, hence the name H7N9. The mortality (death) rate varies somewhat between strains with H5N1 at about 55%, and H7N9 at about 37%. Health care providers evaluating patients with possible avian influenza infection should notify their local or state health departments which in turn should notify CDC. Currently, there is no vaccine to protect against H7N9 types of bird flu. "Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome." Humans may get bird flu from contact with infected birds (chickens, for example) or their infected droppings and secretions. Updated: Aug 11, 2016. It may be just a common, treatable infection. And in a few cases, a mild eye infection (conjunctivitis) is the only indication of the disease. Treatment is generally with the antibiotics oseltamivir (Tamiflu) or zanamivir (Relenza). Once your vet confirms your cockatiel has conjunctivitis, they will likely recommend a prescription ointment or drops, but … Clinical presentation of avian influenza in humans includes eye infection (conjunctivitis), flu-like symptoms (e.g. One alleged incident in 2009 occurred when a company inadvertently sent live avian flu virus samples to research laboratories, which subsequently were used to vaccinate ferrets. Want More News? PubMed Health. Crit Care. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is the lead Federal agency for the human health response. The vial disease mostly affects both domestic and wild birds in different degrees, Domestic fowls, turkeys, parrots and sometimes pigeons are always … Viruses, bacteria, and allergens are responsible for its varied manifestations. Plague, cholera, severe acute respiratory syndrome, polio, human infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza virus, pulmonary anthrax, diphtheria, filariasis, unexplained pneumonia, influenza A (H1N1), measles, hand, foot, and mouth disease (severe and death) Temporal model (1) Moving percentile method (MPM) 18 infectious diseases Although the U.S. government has a stockpile of vaccine against H5N1 bird flu, there is no commercially available vaccine for humans against any bird flu strains. Introduction infection into free-ranging birds and poultry through the release of rehabilitated birds. Children get similar symptoms. In the late 1990s, a new strain of bird flu arose that was remarkable for its ability to cause severe disease and death, especially in domesticated birds such as ducks, chickens, or turkeys. Newcastle disease goes by many other names such as; Avian Distemper, Avian Pneumoencephalitis, Ranikhet Disease and Exotic Newcastle Disease. Avian Mycoplasmosis (Mycoplasma gallisepticum) Pleuropneumonia–like Organism (PPLO) Infection, Chronic Respiratory Disease of Chickens, Although other wild birds can be affected, the major impact has been on house Infectious Sinusitis of Turkeys, House Finch Conjunctivitis Etiology Last … In the late 1990s, a new strain of bird flu arose which was unusually severe ("highly pathogenic"), resulting in the deaths of hundreds of millions of birds, including poultry. An epizootic of conjunctivitis in house finches . WHO claims to have a vaccine against a H5N8 strain, but it is developed for vaccinating poultry. People who have had contact with infected birds may also be given influenza antiviral drugs preventatively. Symptoms associated with diarrhea are cramping, abdominal pain, and the sensation of rectal urgency. Symptoms of swine flu are "flu-like" and include fever, cough, and sore throat. Healthy birds get infected when they come into contact with contaminated secretions or feces from infected birds. Clinical signs, serology, isolation of ciliostatic agent. Avian pox is another common disease that affects a bird’s eyes. The etiologic disease organism responsible for causing mycobacteriosis in avian species is an acid-fast gram-positive bacterium. Since its discovery, at least 48 different subtypes of H7N9 have been identified. "Influenza viruses with rearranged genomes as live-attenuated vaccines.". Nausea is an uneasiness of the stomach that often precedes vomiting. Thus, results are usually not available until the patient has recovered or died. Human influenza strains are best adapted to humans. What Is Conjunctivitis in Pigeons? Influenza (flu) is a respiratory illness caused by a virus. ... Conjunctivitis. Medscape. I plan on getting vit A to help treat her, but I know I cannot reverse the blindness. However, the small size of the eye in ... conjunctivitis and sometimes intraocular disease (Color 26.16). Conjunctivitis may be caused by:Infection: May be of bacterial, viral, or fungal originParasites: Eye worms … The first human case of illness from highly pathogenic avian influenza (termed HPAI in older literature) was identified in 1997. Approximately 55% of people diagnosed with H5N1 bird flu eventually die from the disease; the H7N9 strain has a similar death rate of about 37%. For example, the 2009 swine flu pandemic was caused by a virus that included genetic material from pig influenza, avian influenza, and human influenza strains. In 2007, the FDA licensed the first vaccine in the U.S. for humans against the highly pathogenic bird flu virus. Some medications are OK to take if you have diabetes get a cold or the flu include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or NSAIDs, like acetaminophen (Tylenol) and ibuprofen (Motrin) to control symptoms of fever and pain. Most cases had exposure risk to live-poultry markets. Avian influenza 1. The influenza A virus is termed H7N9 (H7N9 Chinese bird flu). The disease can develop in acute, subacute, or chronic form, depending on the virulence of the strain, infectious dose, immune status, and age of the bird. Most experts agree that commercial poultry became infected with bird flu due to contamination by wild bird feces. Avian influenza poses an increasing threat of a pandemic. The Organism 4. Vomiting is the forcible emptying of the stomach in which the stomach has to overcome the pressures that are normally … Definitive diagnosis requires identification of the viral strain by immunological tests. Cultures should be done in laboratories that have an appropriate biosafety certification. Treatment may include antiviral medication and often requires intensive supportive care. The history of bird flu in humans is short. If you have diabetes and catch a cold or the flu, can be more difficult to recover from infections and their complications, for example, pneumonia. Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) is recommended for pregnant women. Pena, Sutton, et al. The identification of the virus (H7N9) was reported Mar. The vaccine is made from inactivated viruses and does not contain any live viruses. The proteins are called hemagglutinin (H) and neuraminidase (N). Consequently, this vaccine seems unlikely to offer protection against the new H7N9 bird flu, but data is not available to date. In the United States, local health departments and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) can provide access to the specialized testing. postnasal drip,  This morning I see that the lower lid is pink and a little swollen when he opens it. In a 2014 CDC report, a H5N8 strain isolated from a falcon was assigned as a low to moderate risk to develop human to human transmission. Although the 1918 virus was a human influenza virus, it had many genes that likely came from a strain of bird flu. Routine tests for human influenza A will be positive in patients with bird flu but are not specific for the avian virus. ... Apr 1, 2009 1,493 3 159 Savannah,MO. The U.S. government is currently stockpiling H5N1 vaccine in case the virus begins easy person-to-person transmission. Treatment is based on location of infection and results of culture and sensitivity testing. Chronic cough is a cough that does not go away and is generally a symptom of another disorder such as but that has not happened to date. ... (H5N1) rarely have conjunctivitis. Other bird flu types include H7N7, H5N8, H5N2, and H9N2. Avian influenza is a highly infectious and severe respiratory disease caused by an infection due to the avian influenza Type A viruses. ©1996-2021 MedicineNet, Inc. All rights reserved. These outbreaks were caused by North American lineage viruses or North American reassortant viruses that are different from Asian H5N1 and Asian H7N9 viruses that have caused human infections resulting in serious illness and death in other parts of the world. The prognosis of bird flu is fair to poor because of frequent complications and high death rates. They will have serious pneumonia and sinus infection BEFORE any ocular signs are noticeable, and those need to be addressed appropriately and aggressively. If you notice alarming symptoms like discharge, constant scratching, swelling, or redness, consult a trusted, rabbit-savvy veterinarian who will quickly provide your bunny with the right treatment. This disease causes warty lesions on the head, legs, and feet, but cannot always be easily distinguished from conjunctivitis. Treatment is aimed at addressing the underlying cause. Mortality was especially high in healthy young adults. Outbreaks caused by avian influenza viruses, including both highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) and low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) occur In U.S. domestic poultry from time to time. Combined with import bans, this culling has effectively limited the spread of bird flu in outbreak situations but naturally has negative effects on the poultry and egg industry. Conjunctivitis is the inflammation of the conjunctiva, which is the membrane of the inner eyelid and the inner corner of the eye's surface. H5N8 bird flu has been found in birds since the 1980s and in the Northern Hemisphere each year since 2014, with outbreaks in wild birds since 2020 in Russia, European countries, China, Iran, South Korea, and Japan. Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 (A/H5N1) is a subtype of the influenza A virus which can cause illness in humans and many other animal species. Humans in direct contact with affected birds can pick up the causative avian paramyxovirus-1. Despite the large number of people who have contact with poultry every day in the world, human cases of bird flu remain rare. carcasses and manure. In rare human outbreaks, primary-care physicians, pediatricians, and emergency-medicine specialists may initially treat patients but individuals with severe complications may be treated by infectious-disease specialists, critical-care specialists, hospitalists, and pulmonologists. They claim all individuals were asymptomatic and showed no evidence of human-to-human transmission. low levels of oxygen in the blood, which can cause your organs to fail. Pneumonia is inflammation of the lungs caused by fungi, bacteria, or viruses. A bird-adapted strain of H5N1, called HPAI A(H5N1) for highly pathogenic avian influenza virus of type A of subtype H5N1, is the highly pathogenic causative agent of H5N1 flu, commonly known as avian influenza ("bird flu"). Newcastle Disease (ND), also termed avian pneumoencephalitis or Ranikhet disease, is a highly contagious viral infection that affects virtually all bird species with a mortality rate of up to 90% depending on the viral strain. Systemic symptoms and signs are mild or absent. By clicking Submit, I agree to the MedicineNet's Terms & Conditions & Privacy Policy and understand that I may opt out of MedicineNet's subscriptions at any time. 12 Mycoplasma sturni has been found in association with acute conjunctivitis with focal mucosal ulceration in several species of wild passerines. Updated: Jun 11, 2014. WHO (World Health Organization) says the chance of H5N8 infections occurring in humans is low. sore throat may be caused by Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) can be used for preventing the flu in healthy individuals; however, it should not be used as a substitute for the flu vaccine. Since the identification of highly pathogenic influenza, infected birds have been found in Asia, Europe, the Middle East, and Africa. less frequently tumors or other lung disease. Sometimes a flu virus will mutate in a way that makes it able to infect a new species. Symptoms in birds range from mild drops in egg production to failure of multiple major organs and death. In Part 6 of our Health and Well Being of the Chicken Flock series was about the conditions that affected a chicken’s respiration system.. Idoxuridine 0.1% and Cidofovir 0.2% are the two most common topical antiviral medications used in cats. PCR detects nucleic acid from the influenza A virus. The H1N1 pandemic that started in Mexico is an example of such a mutation (swine flu to human flu). Unfortunately, the H7N9 strain of bird flu seems to be genetically unstable. Read on. Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website. Since that time, H5N1 has infected about 860 individuals with about a 50%-60% death rate. Bird flu causes a very aggressive form of pneumonia (acute respiratory distress syndrome or ARDS) that is often fatal. Peer reviewed and up-to-date recommendations written by leading experts. N2 - There are numerous causative agents of avian conjunctivitis, many of which are associated with systemic disease. Avian chlamydiosis (AC) is a zoonotic disease caused by the bacterium Chlamydia, which occurs commonly in domestic and wild birds worldwide. Fever is part of the body's own disease-fighting arsenal; rising body temperatures apparently are capable of killing off many disease-producing organisms. There were no reports of human infection. Similarly, the Dutch poultry industry was affected by the spread of bird flu in chickens in March 2015. Bird flu or avian flu has started spreading in India. Transmission and infection of H5N1 from infected avian sources to humans has been a concern since the first documented case of human infection in 1997, due to the global spread of H5N1 that constitutes a pandemic threat.. Abstract. The complications of bird flu are frequently dire and include. Saving Lives, Protecting People, for exposure to novel influenza viruses with the, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (NCIRD), Spread of Bird Flu Viruses Between Animals and People, Examples of Human Infections with Avian Influenza A Viruses with Possible Limited, Non-Sustained Human-to-Human Transmission, Information for People Exposed to Birds Infected with Avian Influenza Viruses of Public Health Concern, Recommendations for Worker Protection and Use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), Self-Observation Instructions for Demobilizing Bird Flu Responders, Public Health Threat of Highly Pathogenic Asian Avian Influenza A (H5N1) Virus, Questions & Answers: H5N1 Genetic Change Inventory, HPAI A H5 Virus Background and Clinical Illness, Asian Lineage Avian Influenza A (H7N9) Virus, Specimen Collection and Testing for Patients with Novel Influenza A Viruses with Potential to Cause Severe Disease in Humans, Specimen Collection and Testing for Patients with Novel Influenza A Viruses Associated with Severe Disease in Humans, Diagnostics for Detecting H7N9 Using rRT-PCR, CDC and USDA: Interim Risk Assessment and Biosafety Level Recommendations for Working with Influenza A (H7N9) Viruses, Infection Control Within Healthcare Settings for Patients with Novel Influenza A Viruses, For Clinicians: Evaluating and Managing Patients, Use of Antiviral Medications for Treatment of Human Infections with Novel Influenza A Viruses, Antiviral Chemoprophylaxis of Persons Exposed to Birds with Avian Influenza A Viruses, Follow-up of Close Contacts of Persons Infected with Novel Influenza A Viruses and Use of Antiviral Chemoprophylaxis, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, HPAI H5 viruses (H5N1, H5N2 and H5N8) were detected in 21 U.S. states from. Although the H1N1 "swine flu" pandemic strain contained some bird flu genes, it was not the same strain as the original H5N1 bird flu. Sore throat (throat pain) usually is described as pain or discomfort in the throat area. Most cough syrups are safe to take; however, check with your pediatrician to see what medications are safe to give your child if he or she has type 1 or 2 diabetes. This highlights how difficult it is for the bird flu virus to infect human cells, but mutations like antigenic shifts may reduce such difficulties. As a result, this strain was called highly pathogenic (meaning very severe and contagious) avian influenza and termed H5N1. View topics in the All Topics A section of Johns Hopkins Guides. Amantadine (Symmetrel - Discontinued) is prescribed for the prevention and treatment of infections with influenza A. Amantadine is also prescribed to control the symptoms of Parkinson's disease and for the treatment of drug-induced extrapyramidal symptoms. Conjunctivitis may be caused by:Infection: May be of bacterial, viral, or fungal originParasites: Eye worms (Oxyspirura mansoni, … Asian H5N1 and Asian H7N9 viruses have not been detected in people or birds in the United States.

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